How a CPU Executes Instructions
Repeating four steps
0:52 · 720p · With AI narration and captions. This sample was made with the same system as this service.
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How a CPU Runs Instructions
The CPU, the brain of a computer, carries out instructions in four steps.
Inside the CPU
Inside the CPU are a control unit, an arithmetic logic unit, or ALU, and registers, which are fast storage.
① Fetch
First is fetch: the next instruction to run is read from memory.
② Decode
Second is decode: the control unit interprets the instruction and decides what to do.
③ Execute
Third is execute: the ALU calculates 3 plus 5.
④ Write Back
Fourth is write-back: the result, 8, is written to registers and memory.
In Step with the Clock
The four steps advance with the clock signal, which ticks billions of times a second.
Read, Decode, Compute, Write
The CPU repeats fetch, decode, execute, and write-back, nonstop.
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