Thermodynamics: The Heat Engine Cycle (Carnot Cycle)
An ideal heat engine that turns heat into work
0:57 · 720p · With AI narration and captions. This sample was made with the same system as this service.
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The Carnot Cycle
Let's look at the Carnot cycle, the ideal cycle for a heat engine.
How a Heat Engine Works
A heat engine turns some incoming heat into work, and dumps the rest into the cold source. It can never turn all of the heat into work.
Expansion: Hot, Then Insulated
First, it expands while hot, taking in heat. Next, it expands with no heat flowing in or out, and its temperature drops.
Compression: Cold, Then Insulated
Then it's compressed while cold, giving off heat. Finally, it's compressed with no heat in or out, and its temperature returns to where it started.
The Area Is the Work
On a pressure-volume graph, the area enclosed by one cycle shows the work you can get out.
Carnot Efficiency
Efficiency is 1 minus cold over hot temperature. Measured in kelvin, this is the highest efficiency possible between the two temperatures.
Work from a Temperature Gap
Heat engines use a temperature difference to turn part of the heat into work.
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