How a Distillation Column Separates Components
Separating liquid mixtures by boiling point
1:01 · 720p · With AI narration and captions. This sample was made with the same system as this service.
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How Distillation Works
Distillation separates a mixture of liquids by using differences in their boiling points.
Inside the Column
A distillation column has many trays stacked inside. Vapor made by heating at the bottom rises, and liquid flows down.
Swapping on Trays
On each tray, vapor bubbles through the liquid: low-boiling components move into the vapor, and high-boiling ones into the liquid.
Purer Tray by Tray
Repeated over many trays, low-boiling components gather toward the top, high-boiling ones toward the bottom, and the temperature rises toward the bottom.
Condenser & Reflux
A condenser cools the vapor back into liquid, and part of it is returned to the column. This reflux makes the separation sharper.
Crude Oil
Crude oil is split by boiling range into LPG, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, residue, and more.
Separating by Boiling Point
A distillation column separates components by using differences in boiling points again and again, tray after tray.
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