How Enzymes Catch Their Substrates
Catalysts at work in the body
0:54 · 720p · With AI narration and captions. This sample was made with the same system as this service.
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Enzymes Catch Substrates
Enzymes are catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body. Let's see how they catch their substrates.
Lock and Key
Enzymes are proteins with a pocket called the active site. Only a substrate with just the right shape fits into it, like a key fitting into a lock.
Works Again and Again
The reaction takes place in the enzyme–substrate complex, and then the products are released. The enzyme itself stays unchanged, so it can work again and again.
Temperature and pH
Each enzyme has a temperature and a pH at which it works best. If it gets too hot, the protein loses its shape and stops working.
Amylase in Saliva
For example, amylase in saliva cuts the long chains of starch, breaking them down into sugars such as maltose.
Only the Right Shape Reacts
Enzymes are reusable catalysts that catch only substrates with the right shape and speed up their reactions.
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