Crystal Structures (Table Salt and Diamond)
Table salt and diamond
0:58 · 720p · With AI narration and captions. This sample was made with the same system as this service.
Narration (full text)
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Crystal Structures
Table salt and diamonds are crystals. In a crystal, atoms or ions are lined up in a regular pattern.
Salt Crystals
Table salt, also known as sodium chloride, is made of sodium ions and chloride ions that are lined up in an alternating pattern.
Surrounded by 6 Ions
Every ion is surrounded by 6 ions of the opposite charge, and they attract each other. This is an ionic bond.
Diamond
Diamond is a crystal made only of carbon. Each carbon is joined to 4 others by covalent bonds, which makes it very hard.
Graphite: Sliding Layers
Graphite is also pure carbon, but its flat layers are stacked up. The bonds between layers are weak, so they slide easily.
Arrangement Matters
Even with the very same carbon atoms, just changing the arrangement makes the hardness completely different.
Arrangement Sets Properties
Looking at a crystal's structure explains why a material has the properties it does.
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